Option 1
Part A
Choose one correct answer:
1. The monomer of a protein molecule is:
1) a nitrogenous base 3) an amino acid
2) monosaccharide 4) lipid
2. Which pairs of nucleotides form complementary bonds in a DNA molecule?
1) adenine and thymine 3) guanine and thymine
2) adenine and cytosine 4) uracil and thymine
3. organisms of animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria are composed of cells, which indicates:
1) the unity of the organic world
2) diversity of structure of living organisms
3) connection of organisms with their environment
4) complex structure of living organisms
4. In animals, the reactions of plastic metabolism:
1) biopolymers are broken down
2) ATP energy is used
3) ATP is synthesized
4) protein denaturation
5. In photosynthesis, the energy of light is stored in a molecule of:
1) ATP; 2) water; 3) oxygen; 4) carbon dioxide
6. An example of asexual reproduction is:
1) seed formation in lily of the valley
2) larval development in an insect
3) budding in a hydra
4) parthenogenesis in bees
7. Mitosis of a diploid somatic cell produces:
1) four haploid gametes
2) two diploid cells
3) four diploid cells
4) cells with doubled number of chromosomes
8. Post-embryonic development of organisms follows:
1) fertilization
2) pollination
3) larva emergence from the egg
4) formation of germ cells
9. embryonic development begins with:
1) blastula; 2) zygote; 3) gastrula; 4) neurula
10. Genes are sections of a molecule:
1) protein; 2) polysaccharide; 3) DNA; 4) ATP
Part B
В1. Correlate the characteristic of sexual reproduction in animals with its form:
CHARACTERISTIC OF THE FORM OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
1) an organism develops A) with fertilization
from a zygote B) without fertilization (parthenogenesis)
2) offspring develops
from oocytes
3) the developing organism
has heredity only
maternal
4) development of a new organism
is caused by a female gamete
5) the offspring inherits genes from
two parents
6) the resulting organism
has a limited ability to do so.
В2. Choose three answers out of six
A DNA molecule is composed of
A) phosphoric acid
B) adenine
C) ribose
D) deoxyribose
D) uracil
E) iron cation
Part C
Solve the molecular biology problems
С1. A fragment of a DNA molecule consists of nucleotides arranged in the following sequence: TAA ATG GCA ACS. Determine the composition and sequence of the nucleotides in the corresponding IRNA molecule, the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain encoded in this segment of the gene, and the number of hydrogen bonds in this segment of the gene.
С2. The molecular weight of protein X is 90,000 Da. Determine the length of the corresponding gene, the number of nucleotides in it, and its molecular mass ( Mr (nucle)= 345, Mr (amino) = 100).
Biology test in the first half of the ninth grade
Option 2
Part A
Choose one correct answer:
1. Which carbohydrate is part of the nucleotide RNA?
1) ribose; 3) sucrose
2) glucose; 4) deoxyribose
2. Cellular protein synthesis occurs at:
1) ribosomes; 3) vacuoles
2) lysosomes; 4) centrioles
3. In plants, plastic metabolism reactions:
1) a monomer, glucose, is synthesized
2) carbon dioxide is formed
3) starch is broken down
4) a secondary structure of a protein molecule is formed
4. In the process of energy metabolism occurs:
1) the breakdown of ATP molecules
2) process of protein assembly from amino acids
3) oxidation of organic substances
4) lipid formation
5. Oxygen in photosynthesis is formed during:
1) dark phase
2) water decomposition
3) glucose formation
4) carbon dioxide assimilation
6. The significance of sexual reproduction is that:
1) a small number of individuals are produced
2) an offspring emerges with heredity from two parents
3) the offspring copy the heredity of one of the parents
4) it occurs under favorable conditions
7. What are the stages of mitosis called?
1) periods; 2) stages; 3 ) levels; 4) phases
8. Which method of plant reproduction produces offspring with a more diverse heredity?
1) by rhizome; 3) by aboveground shoots
2) by seeds; 4) by modified roots
9. A cat gives birth to kittens that look like their parents, so this type of individual development is called:
1) germinal; 3) direct;
2) postnatal; 4) indirect.
10. In most animals, individual development of an organism follows the process of
1) gametogenesis; 3) sexual maturation
2) fertilization; 4) meiotic cell division.
4) sex-linked inheritance.
Part B
В1. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FORM OF REPRODUCTION
1) An organism develops A) Sexually
from a zygote B) asexual
2) offspring are identical
to parental individuals
3) the developing organism
has heredity only
maternal
4) cells involved in the process have
Haploid set of chromosomes
5) offspring inherit genes from
two parents
6) prevails in prokaryotes
B2 Choose three answers out of six:
The dark phase of photosynthesis, unlike the light phase, involves:
A) use of carbon dioxide in reactions
B) splitting of water molecules
C) synthesis of ATP molecules
D) use of energy of ATP molecules
E) formation of glucose
F) absorption of light energy by chlorophyll molecule
Part C
С1. A fragment of a DNA molecule consists of nucleotides located in the following sequence: TGC AATC TCCT AAG. Determine the composition and sequence of the nucleotides in the corresponding IRNA molecule, the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain encoded in this portion of the gene, and the number of hydrogen bonds in this portion of the gene.
С2. The molecular weight of protein Y is 60,000 Da. Determine the length of the corresponding gene, the number of nucleotides in it, and its molecular weight ( Mr (nucle)= 345, Mr (amino) = 100).
