1. The section of computer graphics that covers algorithms and software for manipulating objects in three-dimensional space is:
a. vector graphics;
b. three-dimensional graphics;
c. raster graphics;
d. fractal graphics.
2. When using three-dimensional graphics, image synthesis is performed according to the algorithm, which generally includes the following stages:
a. creating a geometric model of the scene;
b. merging of the scene layers;
c. image coloring;
d. scene rendering.
3. 3D – graphics allows you to create:
a. commercials;
b. flat images;
c. special effects;
d. realistic characters.
4. The simplest geometric shapes connected to each other by common sides are:
a. polygons;
b. primitives;
c. splines;
d. slides.
5. The disadvantages of three-dimensional graphics, which should be considered when choosing tools for the development of your future graphics projects, can be conventionally considered:
a. less freedom in shaping the image;
b. high information content of separate screen zones;
c. increased requirements to computer hardware;
d. influence on viewer’s physical reactions.
6. Disadvantages of three-dimensional graphics, which should be considered when choosing means for development of your future graphic projects, can be conventionally considered
a. the effect on the viewer’s physical reactions;
b. the necessity of a great deal of preparatory work to create models of all objects in the scene;
c. the high informative value of some screen zones;
d. the necessity to control the relative position of the objects in the scene.
7. A set of objects, light sources and cameras positioned in a virtual space, as well as a description of the background, atmosphere and other attributes in 3D graphics is called a:
a. a polygon;
b. a grid; c. a scene; d. a map; e. a map;
c. scene;
d. wireframe.
8. A process in which the surface of an object is made up of primitives is a:
a. the creation of a 3D-object wireframe;
b.The “stretching” of the material forming the surface of the 3D-object onto the framework;
c. specifying the scene background;
d. rendering.
9. The process in which the selected material sets the main properties of the object surface: color, texture, transparency, etc. – is:
a. creating the frame of the 3D – object;
b. “stretching” the material forming the surface of the 3D-object on the frame;
c. specifying the scene background;
d. rendering.
10. The process in which the computer, using all the features of the scene, forms and displays the final image, which is recorded in a bitmap format file – this is:
a. creating a 3D object wireframe;
b. “stretching” the material forming the surface of the 3D object on the skeleton;
c. specifying the scene background;
d. rendering.
11. The main advantages, which the world of 3D images opens up, are:
a. high informativeness of individual screen zones;
b. high requirements to the computer hardware – RAM, processor speed, etc;
c. advantages in rotation of an object;
d. influence on physical reactions of the viewer.
12. The disadvantages of 3D-graphics can include:
a. high information content of certain areas of the screen;
b. high requirements to the computer hardware – RAM, processor speed, etc.;
c. the necessity of large time costs to create models of all the objects of a scene that can be in the field of view of the camera;
d. necessity to constantly monitor the relative position of objects in the scene.
13. To create three-dimensional graphics, special programs are used, which are called
a. raster graphics editors;
b. 3D-editors;
c. fractal graphics editors;
d. vector graphics editors.
14. The main types of projection used in three-dimensional editors are:
a. perpendicular;
b. parallel;
c. central;
d. symmetrical.
15. Parallel (axonometric). When constructing a projection of a three-dimensional object, its individual points are brought down to the projection plane by a parallel beam of rays, if used:
a. perpendicular projections;
b. parallel projections;
c. central projections;
d. symmetric projections.
16. Horizontal and vertical dimensions are not distorted, but dimensions characterizing the “depth” of an object are distorted if:
a. perpendicular projections;
b. parallel projections;
c. central projections;
d. symmetric projections.
17. When constructing a projection of a three-dimensional object, its individual points are brought down on the projection plane by a beam of rays emanating from a single point corresponding to the position of the observer’s eye, if used:
a. perpendicular projections;
b. parallel projections;
c. central projections;
d. symmetric projections.
18. All dimensions of an object are distorted if:
a. perpendicular projections;
b. parallel projections;
c. central projections;
d. symmetric projections.
19. The virtual space in which the user of a three-dimensional editor works is called:
a. polygon;
b. a grid;
c. a scene;
d. skeleton.
20. Any three-dimensional objects in the program are created based on:
a. complex shapes;
b. the simplest primitives;
c. drawing;
d. modeling.
21. Creating three-dimensional objects is called:
a. rendering;
b. drawing;
c. modeling;
d. visualization.
22. On personal computers, the following 3D graphics packages account for the bulk of the 3D graphics software market:
a. 3D – Studio Max;
b. Adobe Photoshop;
c. Maya;
d. Corel DRAW.
23. The advantages of the Blender editor are:
a. cross-platform;
b. the lack of extensive documentation;
c. the editor’s small size;
d. the ability to work on computers with weak system configurations.
24. The disadvantages of the Blender editor include:
a. public availability;
b. cross-platform;
c. lack of detailed documentation;
d. the editor’s small size.
25. The advantages of 3D-Studio Max are:
a. difficulty of mastering;
b. the availability of a large number of applications;
c. low system requirements;
d. a small basic set of modeling and animation tools.
26. The disadvantages of 3D-Studio Max are:
a. low system requirements;
b. the complexity of mastering;
c. the possibility of installing it on the computers of the average level;
d. a small basic set of modeling and animation tools.
27. The advantages of Maya are:
a. the program is difficult to learn;
b. huge opportunities for work in the film industry;
c. expensive;
d. openness to third-party tweaks.
28. The disadvantages of Maya are:
a. the program is difficult to learn;
b. it’s a great way to work in the film industry;
c. it’s expensive;
d. openness to third-party modifications.
29. A tool that allows you to slightly or quite strongly distort and distort the geometric shape of an object is called a. visualizer:
a. a visualizer;
b. a transformer; c. a modifier; d. a transformer;
c. a modifier; d. an editor;
d. editor.
30. The pros of VuexStearm are:
a. absolute realism of the image;
b. demanding on the power of the system configuration;
c. it takes a long time to create a model;
d. has an ecosystem simulation function.
31. The disadvantages of VuexStearm are:
a. is demanding on the power of the system configuration;
b. it is absolutely realistic;
c. it takes a long time to create a model;
d. has an ecosystem simulation function.
32. Sphere (sphere), GeoSphere (geosphere), Teapot (teapot), and Plane (plane) are primitives that belong to the class:
a. single-stage;
b. two-step;
c. three-step;
d. multi-step.
33. Box, Cylinder, Torus and Pyramid are primitives that belong to the class:
a. single-stage;
b. two-step; c. three-step;
c. three-step;
d. multi-step ones.
34. Cone and Tube are primitives that belong to the class:
a. single-stage;
b. two-stage; c. three-stage; d. multi-stage;
c. three-step;
d. multi-step ones.
35. The process of changing the appearance of an object to make it look realistic is called: a. texturing:
a. texturing;
b. modeling;
c. modifying;
d. visualization.
36. The process of rendering an object in three-dimensional space is called a:
a. texturing;
b. modeling;
c. modifying;
d. visualization.
37. What doesn’t include the modeling space?
a. material;
b. the light source;
c. a camera;
d. environment.
38. Which rendering technology does not exist?
a. Y-buffer;
b. ray tracing;
c. global illumination.
39. Without what is it possible to obtain 3D images?
a. without rendering;
b. without printing;
c. without modeling.
40. What is used to make the basic construction of 3D models?
a. spline;
b. points;
c. segments;
d. spirals.
41. Which Bézier curves do not exist?
a. cubic;
b. higher degrees;
c. lower degrees.
42. What kind of cutoff algorithms exist?
a. two-dimensional;
b. three-dimensional;
c. simple;
d. four-dimensional.
43. What is modeling?
a. creating a mathematical model of a scene and objects in it;
b. creating an image of the scene;
c. printing the scene into a file.
44. What is the floating horizon algorithm used for?
a. to simplify the image;
b. to align the horizon in the image;
c. to stabilize the image;
d. to remove invisible lines of three-dimensional feature representation.
45. Where is the Z-buffer used?
a. in RAM;
b. in OpenGL;
c. in the clipboard;
d. in pre-sorting by depth.
46. What is not a rendering system?
а. V-Ray;
b. Brazil;
c. Maxwell Render;
d. M-Ray.
47. Select the correct decoding of the 3D abbreviation:
a. 3 Doctors;
b. 3 Dimensions;
c. 3 Digitals;
d. 3 Diamonds.
48. Spheres of application of three-dimensional graphics:
a. in cinematography;
b. in the theater;
c. in the home;
d. in computer games.
49. Stages that are not used to produce a three-dimensional image on the plane are:
a. planning;
b. modeling;
c. algorithmization;
d. texturing;
e. animation;
f. dynamic simulation;
g. visualization;
h. mapping.
50. What do Omni light, Spot light, and Area light refer to?
a. to concepts related to colors;
b. to the types of light sources;
c. the types of 3D printers;
d. the types of lighting in a table lamp.
51. At this stage a mathematical (vector) spatial model is transformed into a flat (raster) picture:
a. algorithmization;
b. texturing;
c. modeling;
d. rendering.
52. Continue the phrase. Animation is… (more than one answer is possible):
a. simulation of motion among three-dimensional objects;
b. the science of graphics;
c. giving motion to a three-dimensional model;
d. art graphics;
e. fractal graphics;
е. 3D graphics.
53. A program for modeling relatively simple three-dimensional objects – buildings, furniture, interiors (owned by Trimble Navigation):
а. Adobe Photoshop;
b. Sketch Up;
c. Google 3D;
d. Corel 3D-Draw.
54. To create a realistic model of an object in 3D graphics use:
a. geometric primitives and spline surfaces;
b. calculating the trajectory of objects;
c. the resulting sequence of individual frames.
55. Painting surfaces by the Gourand method consists in the following:
a. the color of the primitive is calculated only in its vertices, then linearly interpolated over the surface;
b. the normal to the object as a whole is constructed, its vector is interpolated over the surface of the constituent primitives, and the illumination is calculated for each point;
c. the light leaving the surface at a particular point toward the observer is represented by the sum of the components multiplied by a factor related to the material and color of the surface at that point.
56. Painting surfaces by the Phong method is as follows:
a. the color of the primitive is calculated only at its vertices, then linearly interpolated over the surface;
b. the normal to the object as a whole is constructed, its vector is interpolated over the surface of the constituent primitives, and the illumination is calculated for each point;
c. the light leaving the surface at a particular point toward the observer is represented by the sum of the components multiplied by a factor related to the material and color of the surface at that point.
57. The texture array contains data:
a. the degree of transparency of the material; the refractive index; the component displacement coefficient; the color at each point, the color of the flare, its width and sharpness; the color of the diffuse light; the local deviations of the vectors from the normal;
b. about refracted light, light evenly scattered by the surface, specularly reflected light, glare, and the surface’s own glow;
c. about mutual influence on the boundaries of primitives, projected material, etc.
58. So-called dissolved light (Ambient Light) is:
a. analogous to a uniform light background;
b. analogue of the Sun;
c. analogue of an electric bulb.
59. Directed light source (Direct Light Source) has an analogue in life in the form of:
а. The sun;
b. an electric light bulb;
c. a spotlight.
60. Rendering and visualization:
a. they are equivalent concepts;
b. the terms are not related to each other in any way;
c. rendering is a component of visualization.
Answers
| № вопроса | № ответа | № вопроса | № ответа | № вопроса | № ответа | № вопроса | № ответа |
| 1. | a | 2. | a,d | 3. | a,c,d | 4. | b |
| 5. | a,c | 6. | b,d | 7. | c | 8. | a |
| 9. | b | 10. | d | 11. | a,c,d | 12. | b,c,d |
| 13. | b | 14. | b,c | 15. | b | 16. | a |
| 17. | c | 18. | c | 19. | c | 20. | b |
| 21. | c | 22. | a,c | 23. | a,c,d | 24. | c |
| 25. | b,c | 26. | b,d | 27. | b,d | 28. | a,c |
| 29. | c | 30. | a,d | 31. | a,c | 32. | a |
| 33. | b | 34. | c | 35. | a | 36. | d |
| 37. | d | 38. | а | 39. | b | 40. | а |
| 41. | c | 42. | b | 43. | а | 44. | d |
| 45. | b | 46. | d | 47. | b | 48. | a,d |
| 49. | a,c,h | 50. | b | 51. | d | 52. | a,c |
| 53. | b | 54. | а | 55. | а | 56. | b |
| 57. | а | 58. | а | 59. | c | 60. | а |
