Option 1
1. Which science studies the effects of pollution on the environment?
1) anatomy
2) genetics
3) botany
4) ecology
2. Which cellular structure is similar in function to a customs office in the modern state?
1) cell membrane
2) cytoplasm
3) vacuole
4) nucleus
3. Carbohydrates are stored in the human body in
1) liver and muscles
2) subcutaneous tissue
3) pancreas
4) intestinal walls
4. Fungi are classified as a separate kingdom because they
1) they reproduce by spores
2) quiescent heterotrophs
3) are incapable of photosynthesis
4) they consist of cells without nuclei
5. The struggle for existence is most acute between
1) pines in a pine forest
2) a fox and a wolf
3) shark and stickleback fish
4) a white fungus and an oak tree
6. When a person has anemia, the amount of
1) antibodies
2) white blood cells
3) fibrinogen
4) hemoglobin
7. For a person with signs of scurvy, you would recommend adding
1) cereal grains
2) black currants
3) cod liver
4) egg yolk
8. What is the nature of the relationship between hydras and daphnia living in a water body?
1) symbiosis
2) predator-prey
3) parasite-host
4) competition
9. Identify the correct food chain.
1) Songbirds – insects – polar owls – plants
2) Insects – plants – small songbirds – polar owls
3) Polar owls – small songbirds – plants – insects
4) Plants – insects – small songbirds – polar owls
10. Which protozoan feeds as an autotroph in the light and as a heterotroph in the dark?
1) green euglena
2) chlorella
3) chlamydomonads
4) slipper infusoria
11) The chitinous covering acts as a skeleton in
1) mollusks
2) reptiles
3) arthropods
4) ringed worms
12. Select three differences between plants and animals from the list below and
write the numbers with which they are listed.
1) the presence of organized nuclei in the cells of organisms
2) many identical external organs
3) respiration
4) lack of mobility
5) life-long growth
6) heterotrophic method of feeding
13. Correlate the characteristic of reproduction with its method.
CHARACTERISTIC OF REPRODUCTION
A) Produced by organs, their parts, and individual cells
B) occurs through the participation of gametes
C) New organisms retain a great deal of resemblance to the mother
D) It is used by humans to preserve valuable parental characteristics in their offspring
E) New organisms develop from a zygote
F) Offspring combine traits of the parent and paternal organisms
METHOD
1) Asexual
2) Sexual
Option 2
1. Which science classifies organisms based on their relatedness?
1) ecology
2) Systematics
3) Morphology
4) paleontology
2. Which theory was formulated by German scientists M. Schleiden and T. Schwann?
1) evolution
2) chromosomal
3) cellular
4) ontogenesis
3. A stored carbohydrate in an animal cell is
1) starch
2) glycogen
3) chitin
4) cellulose
4. How many chromosomes are there in the germ cells of the fruit fly Drosophila if its somatic cells contain 8 chromosomes?
1) 12
2) 10
3) 8
4) 4
5. The incorporation of their nucleic acid into the DNA of the host cell is carried out by
1) bacteriophages
2) chemotrophs
3) autotrophs
4) cyanobacteria
6. Sexual reproduction of organisms is evolutionarily more progressive because it
1) promotes their wide-spread occurrence in nature
2) ensures a quick increase in numbers
3) produces a great variety of genotypes
4) maintains genetic stability of the species
7. Which bacteria improve nitrogen nutrition in plants?
1) ferments
2) nodules
3) acetic acid bacteria
4) saprotrophic
8. An underground shoot differs from a root in that it has
1) buds
2) growth area
3) vessels
4) bark
9. Unlike the gymnosperms, the plants of the Pseudocotyledonous division
1) have a root, a stem, and leaves
2) have a flower and a fruit
3) reproduce by seeds
4) they release oxygen into the atmosphere during photosynthesis
10. Which vitamin should be included in a person’s diet to avoid getting scurvy?
1) А
2) В6
3) С
4) D
11. The tiered arrangement of plants in a forest accommodates
1) cross-pollination
2) protection from the wind
3) harnessing light energy
4) reducing water evaporation
12. Which of the following are three correct answers out of six?
The biological significance of meiosis is to
1) preventing the doubling of the number of chromosomes in a new generation
2) formation of male and female gametes
3) formation of somatic cells
4) creation of opportunities for emergence of new gene combinations
5) increase in the number of cells in the organism
6) multiple increase in number of chromosomes
13. In what chronological order did the major groups of plants appear on Earth?
A) green algae
B) horsetails
C) seed ferns
D) rhinophytes
D) gymnosperms
