Objective: Students’ awareness of the relevance of environmental knowledge and its practical application in various areas of human activity in order to preserve the life of the planet and humanity.
Objectives: To identify students’ knowledge of the following problems:
“Basic ecological concepts”.
“Metals and environmental problems”
“Ecology of the city”
“Ecology of home”
“Ecology and human health”
“Qualitative analysis of inorganic and organic substances”
Equipment: computer, projector, screen, presentation “Living in harmony with nature”, chemical reagents and wastewater samples for the experimental round, prizes for the winners.
Teacher. Hello, dear children. Our quiz is dedicated to the International Earth Day, which has been celebrated every year on April 22 since 1992.
We are all residents of one big house called planet Earth. Look around us what a beautiful world surrounds us – mountains, forests, fields, rivers, lakes, sky, sun, animals, birds. This is nature!
It feeds us, feeds and clothes us, and requires very little in return – careful attitude. But sometimes both adults and children behave heartlessly toward it. Once beautiful water reservoirs are turned into sewage ditches, rivers dry up, forests suffocate with garbage, rare species of animals and plants disappear. I, you, he, she, together we are children of the Earth. The Earth is our common home, and it must be protected.
Nature must be saved! Do you know the main problems of the Earth?
Now we will conduct an ecological quiz: “Living in harmony with nature” and we will reveal your knowledge.
One representative from each group of first- and second-year students will take the quiz. The conditions of the quiz are as follows: the participant who raises his hand first, answers the question and gets a bonus (candy) for a correct answer. Those of the participants who get the most bonuses are considered the winners of the quiz. The jury keeps an eye on the students’ hands and the correctness of their answers.
Our first contest is “Warm-up”.
Round I – “Warm-up”.
1. What tree branches can be found in a bathhouse? (Birch, oak)
2. What animal in the forest knows where the honey is?
3. The first birds of spring. (Rooks).
4. Which tree do children really enjoy in winter? (Spruce).
5. The first spring flower. (Snowdrop).
6. What animals get out of their skin? (Snakes)
7. What color is a chameleon? (Different colors, depending on temperature, humidity, and light.)
8. The fastest sea animal (Dolphin, killer whale)
9. Which snake is the largest? (Anaconda )
10. Which bird has the number three in its name? (Haircutter)
Round II – “Do you know?”
1. this science of the interaction of living organisms and their communities among themselves and with the environment in which they live. A living organism is both a microbe, an animal and a human being. Habitat (soil, forest, air, water) – all that surrounds the organism and with which it is in interaction). What is this science? (Ecology)
2 This definition was introduced by the Austrian geologist Eduard Suess (19th century). It was taught by V. I. Vernadsky, an outstanding Russian scientist. Vernadsky defined it as a special active shell of the Earth. It is inhabited by living organisms. In it, the activity of all living beings, together with humans, is the most important factor that transforms the planet. What are we talking about? (Biosphere)
3. This is the name given to the introduction of harmful substances into the environment. It has a negative impact on the development of the whole biosphere. It is chemical, biological, electromagnetic, radiation, noise, thermal, anthropogenic. What is it? (Pollution)
4. An increase in human energy use is dangerous because it heats up the earth’s surface and the surface layers of the atmosphere. Modern technology is such that about one-third of the energy of thermal power plants and up to half of the energy of nuclear power plants is lost in cooling the units. Waste water pollutes water bodies. Electromagnetic fields affect the development of living organisms. Greenhouse gases also increase the average temperature of the earth. Energy production pollutes the air with nitrogen and sulfur oxides. And this contributes to the fall of these rains. What is the name of this rain? (Acid rain)
5. This substance is made up of – three oxygen atoms. It is formed by thunderstorms, x-ray machines, etc. It forms a protective layer near the surface of the Earth, but it is harmful to living organisms. Extensive use of freon leads to the appearance of holes in its layer. In some places, its proportion is reduced to 50 percent. The existence of these holes was first established in the 80s of the XX century. The holes let in excessive levels of ultraviolet radiation, which leads to skin cancer. What is this substance called? (Ozone)
6. These pesticides are used to protect plants from pests. Modern agriculture uses up to 2 million tons of different kinds of pesticides. They pollute the soil, water, and air. They enter the human body, disrupting life processes (cancer, allergies, kidney, liver and stomach diseases). (Pesticides)
7. It is a liquid without taste, color or smell. It is part of all living substances, is in the soil and air. No form of living organism can exist without it. Plants and animals contain 50 to 99% of it. It is the source of oxygen in the atmosphere (photosynthesis). It is the factor that determines the climate (it heats and cools slowly, hence its mitigating effect on the climate). The hydrosphere contains about 1.4 billion cubic kilometers of it; 5 thousand cubic kilometers of it are used annually, while it is polluted (due to the active technical activity of mankind) almost 10 times more. Some countries are experiencing a shortage of it. There is a lot of it on Earth, but people have not learned how to use it rationally. What is the most important substance on Earth? (Water).
8. It gets into the environment as a result of the mining process and all kinds of accidents. People and the environment suffer. But some bacteria find it delicious. In accidents, so much of it is poured out that the bacteria cannot handle it. People have learned to artificially grow “medicinal” bacteria that eat it. They are stored in a dry form. In accidents, they are sown on a spot of this substance. What substance are we talking about? (Oil)
9. These include laundry detergent, soap, shampoo, and soda. They are serious pollutants in water and soil. They change the surface tension of water, disrupting many organisms that live at the water-air interface. Once in water bodies, they impede oxygen’s access. They are detrimental to fish eggs and the development of amphibians. The phosphorus they are so rich in promotes the growth of algae (water blooms). They are made with synthetic substances, which makes them difficult to decompose in the natural environment. What are these substances? (Synthetic detergents).
10. In the World it was first published in 1966, in the USSR – in 1978. Its goal is to identify the endangered species of organisms which require special protection measures. It has colorful pages. On its black pages are species that have forever disappeared from the face of the Earth. What is this book called? (The Red Book)
11. This continent is considered the world’s largest nature reserve. On its territory and adjacent water space, all human activity is forbidden (according to international treaties). Despite the ice thicknesses, almost 800 plant species have been found there, which have managed to adapt to the difficult and unfavorable living conditions (frosts up to 70 degrees) Plants, among them lichens, develop actively only a few weeks a year. Which reserve is considered the largest? (Antarctica)
12. The Day of Reserves and National Parks was first celebrated on January 11, 1997, at the initiative of the Wildlife Conservation Center, the World Wildlife Fund, and the Zapovednik Ecocenter. This day was not chosen by chance, it was on this day in 1916 when for the first time in the history of the Russian state the Barguzinsky Reserve was established by the decision of the government. Today in Russia there are already 100 reserves, 35 national parks and 68 federal preserves. Their total area is about three percent of the area of the Russian Federation. What nature reserves are located on the territory of North Ossetia? (“Tsey” Reserve (1967), National Park “Alania” (1998) in the Iraf district. )
13. Which animals are in the Red Book of North Ossetia? (snow leopard, auroch, wild boar, deer, wolf, fox, bear, squirrel bison…)
Round III – “Ecology of the city”.
1. In the Moscow Kremlin from the first half of the 16th century to the 1830s there was a functioning waterworks with lead pipes and reservoirs. During the same period there was a high rate of infant mortality and hereditary deformities. Explain the causes of these phenomena. (Lead dissolved in tap water).
2. Name the anthropogenic sources of lead. (Industrial and domestic wastewater, motor vehicle emissions, manufacturing of photographic materials, matches, paints, batteries; lead can cause poisoning, accumulate in tissues, and destroy germ cells.)
3. Why are lichens called “air purity indicators”? (Lichens are very sensitive to the composition of the air, and the city cannot boast of clean air because of the large amount of exhaust gases, so lichens are widespread in nature, but almost not found in cities).
4. What is the main source of air pollution in our city? (Harmful emissions from transport and industrial enterprises: “Electrozinc”, VRZ, glass and asphalt plants, “Pobedit”, “Polymer”).
5. What trees are the best purifiers of air from dust and gases in the city? (Poplar, chestnut, linden, willow).
6. To clean the area faster from the leaves, dried grass, some people use the ancient – fire. How is it harmful? (Not only the grass burns, but also many insects and small animals; the seeds of grassy plants burn; fire can penetrate into the inner layers of the soil and flare up 100 km away from this place).
Tour IV – “Ecology at home”.
1. From the ecological point of view, what is better to have in the kitchen: a cooker hood or an air purifier? (An air purifier because the filter absorbs harmful substances. And with an air cleaner, harmful substances from gas combustion and cooking get into the atmosphere and pollute it).
2. Can you use an air conditioner as a means of cleaning indoor air? (No, because the air conditioner only regulates the temperature of the air, but does not change its chemical composition.)
3. Is it useful to use air fresheners at home? (You should use them carefully because some people may have allergic reactions.)
4. What is tobacco smoke in the home? (An absolute carcinogenic hazard.)
5. Why is it better to eat canned foods in glass jars? (Jars oxidize during storage, and lead and other metal oxides enter the food).
6. Why do grandmothers put a silver spoon in the bottom of the bucket to collect water? (Stale water is actively breeding airborne microorganisms. Therefore, silver objects (spoon, fork, ring, etc.) should be placed in the bucket of water because silver ions effectively disinfect the water.)
Round V – Pentonyms – “What is it?”
1. A lot of toys are made out of it.
2. It comes in many colors and is very hard to make.
3. Objects made of it weigh very little.
4. If it is set on fire, there is a lot of black smoke which smells bad.
5. It should not be thrown away because it does not decompose by itself in nature.
(Plastic)
1. It was invented by the Chinese.
2. We make it from wood.
3 It burns easily.
4 It makes a lot of garbage.
5. It is usually used to draw or write on.
(Paper)
1. It is made from sand.
2.It is most often transparent.
3. When it falls, it breaks.
4. If it is heated, it becomes sticky like dough.
5. (Glass) When thrown in the woods, it can be a source of fire.
(Glass.)
1. it’s something that’s plentiful in the city but scarce in the countryside.
2. There is especially a lot of it in the industrial city, where there are a lot of plants and factories.
3. It makes people sick, makes them nervous a lot, shouting loudly, and it makes even more of it.
4. It is emitted by various appliances, machines.
5. It causes air and environmental pollution, if there is a lot of it, it causes intoxication and acts like a drug.
(Noise)
1. It is almost invisible.
2. There is a lot of it in the industrial city where the factories and plants work.
3. It gives people asthma, bronchitis, and cancer.
4. It can collect on their leaves green plants.
5. In a city where there is a lot of it, lichens don’t grow.
(Gas waste).
1. It comes out when something gets old or breaks down.
2. It can be seen everywhere – in the city, in the countryside, even along the roads.
3. You can give it away and get money.
4. You can make something new out of it.
5. It can be coloured and you can get money for it.
(Scrap metal.)
1. It is always black.
2 There is a lot of it in the city, especially where there are plants and factories.
3. It is very harmful.
4. It makes people sick and makes their clothes dirty.
5. It’s a lot of it when it burns.
(Soot)
Round VI – “Experimental.”
Discovery of ions in wastewater
1. It is no secret that tap water today contains a lot of impurities. Some people are defending this water, while others are boiling it. Who is right? (Tap water should always be left to stand, whether you boil it or not. When you sediment tap water, insoluble particles precipitate and some of the chlorine escapes.)
2.What reagent can be used to detect chlorine ions in water? ( Adding silver nitrate solution, a white flake-like precipitate falls out.)
Cl- + Ag+ → AgCl↓
3. How do you determine the acidity of wastewater and soil? (Using indicators. For example, litmus turns red).
4. Which reagent can be used to detect lead ion in water? (With potassium iodide, a yellow precipitate of lead iodide falls out.)
Pb2+ + 2I-→PbI2↓
5. How do you detect iron ions in water? (By adding ammonium rhodanide, by the blood-red coloration of iron rhodanide).
Fe3+ + SCN- →FeSCN2+
6. How do you determine the presence of organic matter in water? ( With a solution of potassium permanganate, which discolors if organic matter is present).
7. What methods can you use to soften hard water? (By boiling or adding baking soda and milk of lime).
The jury evaluates the results.
Teacher. What do you know of ways to deal with pollution?
Answers:
1. Construction of various purification facilities;
2. Creation and implementation of waste-free and low-waste technological processes;
3. Arrangement of closed cycles of water use;
4. Use of new types of fuel that do not pollute the environment;
5. Creation of forest zones around large cities and industrial centers;
6. Replacing chemical methods of controlling pests and diseases of agricultural plants with biological ones.
Teacher. I want to finish this quiz with the words of Academician
Nesmeyanov: “…consider that although the era of space flight has arrived, we and our descendants will have to live on Earth, which we need to protect and love.
The results of the quiz. Awarding the winners.
