Moral

1. Continue the sentence: Morality is a special type of regulation…..
2. Write out the regulators of people’s professional activity: 1-external; 2-internal.
3. Professional ethics is.
4. What universal human values have not lost their importance even today?
5. What is an indicator of a person’s moral maturity?
6. Fill in the table:

7. Fill in the table:

8. The following is a list of terms. All but one are related to the concept of morality.

Social norm, law, good and evil, spirituality, sanctions.

Find and cite a term related to another concept.

9. Insert missing words: Morality as a form of spiritual life and as _____________ (1) emerged already in _____________ (2). Morality has no clearly delineated boundaries; it is present in all spheres of social life. Where there is ___________ (3), there is always room for moral evaluation. Its norms, as a rule, ____________ (4), they live in people’s minds. Morality rests on the power of __________ (5). Like law, it has value in __________ (6); unlike law, it does not __________ (7). In morality, __________ (8) comes to the fore, whereas in law, the fact of the deed itself is considered to be the main thing.

A. primal J. legislative act
B. is created by the state H. is not written down
C. public opinion I. internal motive
D. relations between people C. the state
D. a regulator of conduct
E. enshrined in laws

10. Which of the following is not a definition of morality?

1) a set of ideas of good and evil, justice and injustice, good and bad, as well as the norms of behavior based on these ideas

2) legalized justice, a means of civilized resolution of disagreements

3) a system of norms, rules regulating communication and behavior of people to ensure the unity of public and personal interests

4) a form of social consciousness that reflects and consolidates ethical qualities of social reality

11. Morality does not perform the social function of

1) regulatory 2) law enforcement 3) value-orientation 4) socialization

12. Insert the missing name: “One of the first to formulate the ‘golden rule of morality’ was the famous Chinese philosopher ______________”.
13. Insert missing words: Morality comes from the Latin concept mores – morals – and means a form of social _________ (1), in which ethical qualities of social reality (categories of good, kindness, justice, etc.) are reflected and consolidated. Morality is a set of _________ (2). norms of people’s behavior that determine their __________ (3) and attitudes toward each other and society. However, people can mistake good for evil and vice versa. Therefore, morality involves evaluation. The relationships between people that are expressed in ethical evaluations of behavior, lifestyles, are moral relationships. The science of morality is called ethics. The term “ethics” goes back to the Greek word ethos, which can be translated into Russian as morals, that is, a certain disposition of the soul. Ethics, the science of morality, is one of the branches of ________(4). Aristotle, who is considered to be the ancestor of ethics, placing it between _________(5) (the doctrine of the soul) and ____________(6) (the doctrine of the state).      

A. consciousness B. politics C. history D. philosophy E. psychology E. rule J. duty

14. Insert the missing word: “__________ is a practical philosophy, an applied science. is studied not to know what virtue (morality) is, but to become virtuous (moral).” 
15. Insert the missing word: “The spiritual-practical situation of an individual’s self-determination about any principles, decisions, and actions is called moral __________.” 
16. Correspondence between the concepts and their definitions: for each position given in the first column, match the corresponding position in the second column. 

Concepts: А) Axiology B) Eudemonism C) Nihilism D) Relativism 

Definitions: 1) the view that moral criteria are relative and dependent on circumstances, time, or the people who apply them; 2) the doctrine of values; 

3) one of the trends in ethics that emerged in ancient philosophy and is represented by the names of Democritus, Socrates, and Aristotle. The main motive in human behavior is the pursuit of happiness; 

4) Denial of all positive ideals and any moral commands in general.

17. Insert the missing word: “Epicurus’ ethical theory, where good is defined as that which brings people pleasure or relief from suffering, and evil as that which leads to suffering, is called __________.” 
18. Insert the missing word: “Friedrich Nietzsche believed that __________ is vigorous, purposeful, and aristocratic, while good is good only because of life’s weakness.”

Part 2 (essay topics) 

1. “Even in the worst of us there is a particle of good, and in the best of us there is a particle of evil” (Martin Luther King). 
2. “I do not know which is better, whether evil that does good or good that does harm” (Michelangelo Buonarroti). 
3. “Good is as easily transformed into evil as evil is transformed into good” (J. Beme). 
4. “When a man is religious, he believes in something, but it is still a question whether always and every believer is religious” (L. Karsavin). 
5. “Faith is an appeal to the mysterious, innermost spiritual world, which opens to freedom and is closed to necessity” (N. Berdyaev). 
6. “The original religion of mankind is produced chiefly by an anxious fear of the future” (D. Hume). 
7. “When men believe in nothing, they are ready to believe in anything” (F. R. de Chateaubriand). 
8. “Faith and reason are like two wings on which the human spirit ascends to the contemplation of truth” (John Paul II).