Form of the lesson : a conversation
Objective: to develop skills of observation, patience and attention and to use the acquired skills and knowledge in creating your own photographic works.
Objectives:
– educational – to acquaint with the history of photography, with the specifics of expressive means of artistic photography;
– developing – to develop interest to the subject and professions related to creative self-actualization;
– educational – to bring up respect for cultural and historical heritage.
Equipment:
– computer, presentation, camera,
Procedure of the lesson.
I. Organizing moment.
Greetings. Checking readiness for the lesson. Water talk based on materials from the previous lesson.
II. Announcement of goals and objectives of the lesson.
Nowadays everything exists to end with photography. Photography mummifies time.
Henri Bazin.
– Photography is a very interesting and relevant art form. It can reflect both objective reality and the vision of the master. What one sees in a photograph largely depends on the photographer. All the great masters of the world leave in their works some understatement. It makes a strong impression on the viewer. How to make your work outstanding is a question that occupies beginners and mature photographers alike.
III. Formation of new knowledge.
– Photography is a special kind of art, relatively new, not having a centuries-old tradition in creativity. Photography has absorbed a lot from the centuries-old experience of fine arts development. The very vision of the world “in the frame” is the heritage of painting. The desire to save beauty of rapidly flowing life has created a surprising kind of art – photography.
The history of photography is a fascinating story of how the dream of capturing and preserving images of the phenomena and objects around us was born and brought to life.
Today photography can be rightfully called one of the most dynamically developing arts.
– Light helps to bring out volume and texture in photography. What light sources do you know? (Natural and artificial).
a) Introduction to types of natural light.
– What type of lighting could be in a landscape? (Natural.)
– On a clear day, the sun can be compared to a spotlight. The areas where the sun doesn’t penetrate remain in shadow. And those where the sun enters unobstructed, very much reflect light, glare, blinding the eyes. The nature of lighting in a landscape also depends on the position of the sun in relation to the photographer. If the sun is overhead and directly illuminates objects, it is called frontal. Such an image is flat and details are poorly defined. Side lighting is when the sun shines from the side. You get shadows that become longer the lower the sun gets to the horizon.
– What happens to the contrast? (It increases.)
– What is revealed in the objects? (Volume, texture, shape.)
– The most spectacular and expressive lighting occurs when the sun is in front of the photographer. It’s called backlighting or contra-jouring. (Viewing a photograph with backlighting, demonstration of light on a cast of a person’s head)
– What happens to the objects in the foreground? (The shape is clearly revealed). Backlighting is especially beneficial when the air is filled with haze or fog. The air helps to convey space in the picture, separates objects and figures of the foreground from the background well. Often natural (fog, rain, haze, etc.) and light effects become the subject of photography. The photographer should always pay attention to how interesting such effects are, how unusual their light patterns are, because in photography the success of the case is largely determined by observation and the ability to assess the success of what you see. Here it is important that the chosen effect corresponds to the content of the picture and is used to reveal its content. For example, one of the lighting effects was used by photographer Z.F. Polyakova in “Evening flight” (Viewing of the photo work.) What are your personal impressions of this photo work? What did the author wanted to tell us? Why did you choose such a title for his work? How is the composition constructed? What means of expression are used? What genre does this picture belong to? (Answers of children.)
Don’t forget that the nature of lighting greatly affects the mood of the picture and its emotional perception. When taking pictures of landscapes you have to remember about these features and try to convey the mood that caught your attention.
b) Familiarity with types of artificial lighting.
– Unlike natural lighting in a landscape, in artificial lighting of still life the role of the sun is played by a lamp. The direction of its rays and its height varies depending on the texture of the object. Here it is very important for the photographer to find out which light direction and height is best for revealing the texture of the object. The best way to capture objects with a frosted surface is to use diagonal front lighting. Glassy, transparent objects are best reproduced under back and diagonal lighting. But objects with glossy surface are best photographed under frontal lighting. When you take pictures with a lamp you have to keep in mind that if the subject is lit by one source, dense shadows will form on the other side of the subject. This creates “gaps” in the photo. Reflectors are used to soften them. The easiest one is a sheet of white paper in front of the light source. To soften the shadows you can also illuminate the subject by ambient light, which is not directed at the subject itself, and in the ceiling or walls.
– Beginning photographer should remember the following rules of work:
– Every texture has its own light.
– Texture is not visible in the shade.
– Soft, diffused light is not very conducive to revealing the texture.
– The farther away from an object the light source is, the less illuminated the object.
– The sharper the angle of incidence of the rays of light, the more revealing will be the texture of the object.
– Emphasis of the texture can be done with a side or backlight.
– Competently made still life pictures please the viewer with their expressiveness, poeticism of the image, skillful rendering of three-dimensional texture form, sharpness of the light pattern. And pictures of this genre often become a kind of picture of human life, living, reflected the life of people.
c) Formulating a conclusion about the importance of light in photography.
– What role does light play in photography? What can a photographer convey through light? (Children’s answers.)
– Light is the pictorial language of any photograph. Just as a painter works with paint, a photographer works with light. He can use light to express the volume and texture of objects, to obscure space or emphasize its depth, to focus the viewer’s attention on something important, evoking a variety of emotional responses. Separate aspects of photography as an art form are manifested in the choice of color, artistic style, genre, pictorial language, etc. Color is one of the most important components of modern photography. In photography it was created under the influence of the desire to bring the image closer to the real forms of objects. Color makes a photographic image seem more authentic. This factor first stimulated the need for frame coloring and later stimulated the development of color photography. The influence of the traditions of painting, in which the semantic use of color has historically increased, is also essential here. Based on the experience of color photographs, we can formulate the rules for the use of color in photography. The first rule is to shoot in color only when it is of fundamental importance, when it is impossible to convey what is meant without color. Second rule: the symbolism of color, light, the play of tones and shades accumulated and accumulated by the preceding cultural trend, the experience of older art forms such as painting, theater and the later related technical ones such as cinema and television, can be used effectively in photography. The third rule: the use of color contrast to create semantic contrast. Photography has not quite mastered color yet. It has yet to fully assimilate the entire color palette of the world. Color has to be mastered by photography aesthetically, and become means not only of representation, but also of conceptual comprehension of reality. The correct placement of color accents, their combination, allows you to create excellent artistic photos. Colors, being in harmony with each other, should also be coordinated with other components of the composition: light, space, movement. Color also has the power to evoke different reactions and psychological emotions in the viewer. For example, tell me how you feel when you look at a photo, which is dominated by blue? Red? Yellow? (Children’s answers). This means that one should also keep in mind the effect of certain colors on the subconscious mind when taking this or that picture.
– Thus, light and color help to generalize an image, give free rein to the viewer’s imagination and fantasy; the right work with light and color allows us to create images that will astonish our senses and attract attention. A beginner photographer should always keep the following rules in mind:
1. Shoot in color only when it is essential, when it is impossible to show what you have in mind without color.
2. Make maximum use of color symbolism.
Use color contrast for semantic contrast.
Macro Subject Photography.
Speaking of subject photography, you should pay special attention to macro photography. It would be very interesting to take pictures with inanimate objects that we make animate and give them feelings. (The story of two robots, dancing matches, toys that come to life, etc.).
Scenery, lighting, and small details play a very important role in this type of filming. It is necessary to think over the image and “models and the surrounding interior, make the backgrounds, set up the light, everything as in a professional photo session in the studio.
IV. Consolidation of the received knowledge.
During the week you will work on your creative project “Revived matches”. In the next lesson there will be a presentation, defense and discussion of your creative projects.
How the work is done:
1. Choosing a topic and plot.
Analysis of the work (lighting, composition, figures in the frame, dynamics)
3. Preparation of scenery and subjects (match characters)
4. Shooting .
V.Setting a practical task:
– Now using your knowledge you will have to think over a shooting plot, background, lighting, scenery elements for your homework
VI.Homework:As homework I suggest that you create a photo that you will take by applying what you have learned in class today.
