1 variant
1.The science involved in breeding new varieties of plants, animal breeds, and strains of microorganisms is called a:
a) breeding; b) genetics; c) biotechnology
2 The founder of the science of genetics is:
a) T. Morgan;
b) H. Mendel;
c) T. Morgan and H. Mendel.
3. A gene is:
a) a section of the chromosome responsible for a single trait;
b) part of a DNA molecule that stores information about a single protein;
c) both answers are correct
4. Hybrids are the offspring resulting from:
a) self-pollination;
b) crossbreeding;
c) any type of reproduction
5. The crossing of individuals belonging to pure lines and differing in one trait is called:
a) dihybrid; b) monohybrid; c) hybrid
6. Allelic genes are:
a) paired genes located in identical regions of homologous chromosomes;
b) paired genes located in non-homologous chromosomes;
c) genes located in homologous chromosomes
7. First-generation hybrids in monohybrid crosses show:
a) uniformity of traits in 100% of hybrids;
b) trait splitting in the ratio 3:1;
c) trait splitting at a ratio of 1:1.
8. Number of phenotypes in Aa x Aa crosses with complete dominance:
a) 3; b) 1; c) 2
9. Heterozygous individuals include:
a) Aa; b) aa; c) AA
10. Genes located in different pairs of homologous chromosomes:
a) are inherited serially;
b) are inherited according to the law of independent cleavage;
c) both answers are correct
11. Pure lines (homozygotes) are obtained by:
a) inbreeding;
b) individual selection;
c) distant hybridization
12. The primary method of selection is:
a) selection;
b) hybridization;
c) both answers are correct
13. The following breeding methods can be used to increase fecundity:
a) intraspecific crossing of pure lines;
b) polyploidy;
c) both answers are correct
2 variant
1. The most effective type of selection is:
a) mass selection;
b) individual selection;
c) both answers are correct.
2. H. Mendel studied:
a) the variability of organisms;
b) genotypes of organisms;
c) patterns of inheritance of traits
3. The unit of heredity is:
a) chromosome; b) gene; c) trait
4.The totality of an organism’s genes is:
a) gene pool; b) genotype; c) karyotype
5.The phenotype depends on:
a) on the genotype;
b) on the environment;
c) on genotype and environment
6. A group of individuals of the same species artificially created by man is:
a) a variety;
b) a breed;
c) both answers are correct
7. Genes that determine the development of mutually exclusive traits are called:
a) alleles;
b) dominant;
c) recessive
8. The trait manifested in first-generation hybrids is called: a) phenotypic; b) dominant; c) recessive:
a) phenotypic;
b) recessive;
c) dominant
9. Individuals whose offspring show a splitting of traits are called: a) hemizygous; b) recessive; c) dominant:
a) hemizygous; b) heterozygous;
c) homozygous
10. Genes located linearly in the same chromosome and responsible for different traits are called: a:
a) non-allelic;
b) alternative;
c) allelic
11. In mass selection, the breeder is guided by: a) the phenotype of the organisms;
b) the genotype of the organisms;
c) phenotype and genotype of individuals.
12. The main method of selection is not:
a) selection;
b) hybridization;
c) domestication
13. When breeding varieties or breeds with more than one desired trait, the following are used:
a) crossing individuals of different varieties or breeds of the same species;
b) mass selection;
c) closely related hybridization
